Technical Description of OBD-II Trouble Code
The circuit of the Power Steering Pressure Sensor is registering a high reading.
What does that mean?
This generic diagnostic trouble code (DTC) applies to all OBD-II vehicles that have a power steering pressure sensor, including vehicles from Infiniti, Nissan, Toyota, Lexus, Mazda, Dodge, Chrysler, Jeep, Kia, etc.
Before the invention of hydraulically and electrically assisted steering systems, manufacturers used an unassisted rack and pinion steering system. This made steering at low speeds extremely difficult and inefficient.
For this reason, the power steering system was invented. Generally, a hydraulically assisted system includes a belt-driven power steering pump, steering rack/box, and various hoses/lines and sensors. The Engine Control Module (ECM) or Powertrain Control Module (PCM) works with the power steering pressure sensor to monitor the pressure within the system and make adjustments accordingly.
The ECM illuminates the check engine light with the code P0553 and associated codes when it detects a condition outside the desired range within the power steering pressure sensor’s circuit. Most of the time, this code is thrown by the ECM due to an electrical issue, but mechanical problems could also be the cause.
The P0553 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Circuit High code is set when the ECM/PCM detects an electrical value higher than desired within the input circuit. It is one of five related codes, which are P0550, P0551, P0552, P0553, and P0554.
What is the severity of this DTC?
Given the fact that it is possible to drive the car even if the power steering system completely fails, the severity of this issue is considered low. However, it is important to address the issue promptly to avoid further complications and higher costs in the long run.
An example of a power steering fluid pressure switch/sensor:
What are some of the symptoms of the code?
Symptoms of a P0553 diagnostic code may include:
What are some of the common causes of the code?
Causes for this code may include:
What are some P0553 troubleshooting steps?
Be sure to check for technical service bulletins (TSBs) for your vehicle. Accessing a known fix can save time and money during diagnosis.
Tools
Some of the tools you may need when diagnosing or repairing the power steering circuits and systems include:
Safety Tips
NOTE: ALWAYS verify and record the integrity of your battery and charging system before further troubleshooting.
Basic Step #1
Always start with the simplest steps. Check the power steering fluid level and top up if necessary. Check your parking space for any signs of a leak. If there is a fluid leak, investigate further. If the fluid is low, it is important to repair any mechanical leaks before proceeding with electrical diagnosis. Inspect the sensor itself for any signs of damage or leaks.
NOTE: These systems use high pressures that can be dangerous, so exercise caution. Pinhole leaks are hazardous and pose a serious risk. If you are not familiar with the dangers of working with hydraulic systems, it is recommended to bring your vehicle to a reputable repair facility.
Basic Step #2
To rule out the sensor as the cause, you will need to test it. Refer to your service manual for the required specifications. The sensor is usually mounted to a power steering pressure line, which can often be accessed from under the hood.
NOTE: A common leak is found where the rubber meets the hard pressure line. Sometimes, the rubber separates, causing a hard-to-find leak.
Basic Tip #3
Inspect the electrical connector on the pressure sensor for any oil residue. If the connector is soaked in oil, it indicates a problem with the leak that must be addressed. Clean the oil before reconnecting. If the connector shows signs of melting or corrosion, it must be repaired.
NOTE: Always disconnect the battery before performing any electrical repairs.
Basic Step #4
Check for physical damage. In this case, the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions. If the lines are not fastened properly, the sensor may rub against something and eventually cause an electrical problem. Secure any loose lines, especially the one with the sensor mounted to it.
Basic Step #5
You may be able to verify the integrity of the power steering pressure sensor circuit(s). To rule out any problems with the wiring harness, you could disconnect the circuit at the sensor and the ECM. Using a multimeter and referring to your service manual, check that all the desired values are within the specified range. If everything appears to be fine up to this point, it is recommended to bring the vehicle to a reputable repair facility.
