P0016 Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)

What is the meaning of this?

This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, which means that it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles, including but not limited to Ford, Dodge, Toyota, VW, Honda, Chevrolet, Hyundai, Audi, Acura, etc.

The crankshaft position sensor (CKP) and Camshaft position sensor (CMP) work together to control the spark/fuel delivery and timing. They both consist of a reluctor, or tone, ring which passes over a magnetic sensor, generating a voltage to indicate position.

The crankshaft sensor is part of the primary ignition system and acts as the “trigger”. It detects the position of the crankshaft and relays that information to the PCM or the ignition module (depending on the vehicle) to control spark timing. The Camshaft position sensor detects the position of the camshafts and relays the information to the PCM. The PCM uses the CMP signal to identify the beginning of the injector sequence. The timing belt or chain connects these two shafts and their sensors. The cam and crank should be precisely timed together. If the PCM detects that the Crank and Cam signals are out of time by a specific number of degrees, this P0016 code will be set.

Signs

Signs of a P0016 may include:

  • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) illumination
  • The engine may run but with reduced performance
  • The engine may crank but not start
  • The engine may exhibit a rattle near the harmonic balancer indicating the tone ring is damaged
  • The engine may start and run, but poorly
  • Reasons

    Reasons may include:

  • Timing chain stretched, or timing belt skipped a tooth due to wear
  • Misalignment of timing belt/chain
  • Tone ring on crankshaft slipped/broken
  • Tone ring on camshaft slipped/broken
  • Bad crank sensor
  • Bad cam sensor
  • Damaged wiring to crank/cam sensor
  • Timing belt/chain tensioner damaged
  • Possible Solutions

  • First, visually inspect the cam and crank sensors and their harnesses for damage. If you notice broken/frayed wires, repair and recheck.
  • If you have access to a scope, check the cam and crank patterns. If a pattern is missing, suspect a bad sensor or a slipping tone ring. Remove the cam gear and the crankshaft harmonic balancer and inspect the tone rings for proper alignment and make sure they’re not loose or damaged or that they haven’t sheared the key that aligns them. If they are properly installed, replace the sensor.
  • If the signal appears normal, then check the timing chain/belt for proper alignment. If it’s misaligned, check for a damaged tensioner that may have allowed the chain/belt to slip a tooth or several teeth. Also check that the belt/chain isn’t stretched. Repair and recheck.
  • Other crank sensor codes include P0017, P0018, P0019, P0335, P0336, P0337, P0338, P0339, P0385, P0386, P0387, P0388, and P0389.

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    Professional Service Options

    When facing p0016 error, you have two solutions:

    Option 1: Mechanical Repair (Recommended)

    We highly recommend solving this issue by repairing or replacing the faulty sensor, wiring, or related mechanical parts.
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