OBD-II Trouble Code Technical Description
Incorrect Immobilizer Key
What is the meaning of this code?
This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code that applies to all vehicles manufactured from 1996 onwards (Dodge, Chrysler, Hyundai, Jeep, Mazda, etc.). Although it is a generic code, the specific repair steps may vary depending on the make and model of the vehicle.
If your vehicle equipped with OBD II has an illuminated malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) accompanied by a stored code P0513, it means that the PCM (Powertrain Control Module) has detected the presence of an immobilizer key that it does not recognize. In this context, the immobilizer key refers to the ignition key. If the ignition cylinder is turned on, the engine is cranked (but not started), and the PCM does not detect any immobilizer key, a P0513 code may also be stored.
If your vehicle is equipped with a certain type of security system, it will require the presence of a microprocessor chip, which is integrated into the immobilizer key or key fob, before the engine can start and run. Even if the ignition cylinder is turned to the start position and the engine cranks, it will not start because the fuel and ignition systems will be disabled by the PCM.
With the microchip and circuit board integrated into the key (or key fob), it functions as a transponder. When the correct key/fob is near the vehicle, an electromagnetic field (generated by the PCM) activates the microprocessor and enables certain functions. Once the correct key is activated, functions like door lock/unlock, trunk open, and push-to-start become operational in some models. Other models require a conventional metal key accompanied by a microchip for the operation of these and other important functions.
After the microprocessor key/fob is activated, the PCM attempts to recognize a cryptographic signature from the key/fob. If the key/fob signature is current and valid, fuel injection and ignition sequences are activated, allowing the engine to start. If the PCM fails to recognize the signature of the key/fob, a P0513 code may be stored, the security system will be activated, and fuel injection/ignition will be suspended. Additionally, a malfunction indicator lamp may illuminate.
Severity & Symptoms
Since a code P0513 is likely to be accompanied by a no-start condition, it should be considered a severe issue.
Symptoms of a P0513 code may include:
Causes
Possible causes for this code include:
Diagnostic and Repair Procedures
In order to diagnose a code P0513, you will need a diagnostic scanner and a reliable source of vehicle information.
Begin by visually inspecting the related wiring and connectors, as well as the key/fob in question. If the key/fob housing is cracked or damaged, there is a high chance that the circuit board is also damaged. This, along with weak battery issues, could be the source of the problems related to the stored P0513 code.
Consult your vehicle information source for any technical service bulletins (TSB) that address the specific symptoms you are experiencing with your vehicle. The TSB should also cover the P0513 code. The TSB database is compiled from numerous repair experiences, and if you can find the relevant TSB, the information contained within may assist in your individual diagnosis.
It is also advisable to contact the local car dealership or check the NHTSA website to determine if there are any safety recalls related to your vehicle. If there are current NHTSA safety recalls, the dealership will be required to repair the condition free of charge. This could save you time and money if the recall is relevant to the malfunction that caused the P0513 code to be stored in your vehicle.
Next, connect the scanner to the vehicle’s diagnostic port and retrieve all trouble codes and freeze frame data. Write down this information on paper in case it is needed later. This will also help you diagnose the codes in the order in which they were stored. Before clearing the codes, consult your vehicle diagnostic source for the correct security reset and key/fob relearn procedure.
Regardless of the security reset and key/fob relearn procedure, the P0513 code (and any other related codes) will likely need to be cleared before performing it. After completing the reset/relearn procedure, use the scanner to monitor security and microprocessor key/fob data. The scanner should display the key/fob status, and certain scanners (such as Snap On, OTC, etc.) may even provide helpful troubleshooting steps.
Additional diagnostic notes:
